Orchid - Cymbidium canaliculatum f. sparkesii

Description: Cymbidium canaliculatum f. sparkesii is a distinct form of the Australian native orchid Cymbidium canaliculatum, commonly known as the "channel-leaf cymbidium" or "black orchid." The sparkesii form is noted for its dark, often purplish to near-black flowers, which distinguish it from the more common greenish or brownish forms. It was named in honor of orchid grower Mr. Sparkes, who was instrumental in its cultivation and identification.

Cymbidium canaliculatum is endemic to Australia, primarily found in the dry woodlands of Queensland, New South Wales, and the Northern Territory. It grows epiphytically on trees such as Eucalyptus and Callitris, often in elevated positions that experience strong seasonal variation.

Natural Habitat and Climate

• Region: Northern and eastern Australia

• Habitat: Dry open forests and woodlands, usually high in trees

• Climate: Subtropical to tropical savanna with distinct wet and dry seasons

• Rainfall: Growth occurs during the summer wet season; long dry winters are typical

• Temperature Range: Warm to hot, typically between 10–35 °C

Growing Tips for Cultivation

Cymbidium canaliculatum f. sparkesii can be cultivated successfully when grown under conditions that replicate its natural environment:

1. Mounting or Potting

• Best grown mounted on hardwood or tree fern slabs for excellent airflow.

• If potted, use a very coarse, open bark-based mix to ensure quick drying.

2. Light

• Requires bright to very bright light, including some direct sun.

• Insufficient light will reduce or prevent flowering. Ideal conditions include filtered sun or dappled shade.

3. Watering

• Wet season (spring to early summer): Water regularly, allowing the roots to dry between waterings.

• Dry season (late summer to winter): Water sparingly; occasional misting may suffice to prevent shriveling.

4. Humidity and Airflow

• Prefers moderate humidity (40–60%) with ample air circulation.

• Avoid stagnant air, which can lead to fungal problems, especially when watering is more frequent.

5. Temperature

• Thrives in warm to hot temperatures between 10–35 °C.

• Can tolerate cooler nights but should be protected from frost.

6. Fertilizing

• Apply a balanced orchid fertilizer during the active growing season (spring to summer).

• Reduce or stop feeding during the dry/dormant season to mimic natural conditions.

Flowering and Features

• Flowers appear in spring, often in arching sprays.

• The sparkesii form is highly prized for its deep purplish to black flowers and sweet fragrance.